What describes behavior that is motivated by self-interest and the pursuit of rewards?

The concept that best describes behavior motivated by self-interest and the pursuit of rewards is rooted in the idea of individualism versus exchange. This framework illustrates how individuals often act based on personal interests, seeking to maximize their benefits in various interactions or exchanges with others. Under this view, behavior is driven by the desire for personal gain, whether it be through monetary rewards, social status, or other forms of benefit.

In this context, individualism highlights the role of personal motivation, while exchange involves the interactions and relationships formed in pursuit of those self-serving interests. This perspective aligns closely with economic theories of behavior, where decision-making is often oriented around achieving the best possible outcome for oneself.

The other choices focus on different areas; for example, utility versus cost deals more with economic decision-making principles rather than specifically addressing individual motivations. Self-Actualization Theory is related to the pursuit of personal growth and fulfillment, rather than just self-interest in a competitive sense. Personal Gain Theory seems intuitively related but is not as widely recognized in psychological or economic contexts, making individualism versus exchange the most fitting description for behavior influenced by self-interest and reward-seeking.