What is the term for arranging objects logically based on specific properties?

The term for arranging objects logically based on specific properties is classification. Classification involves grouping items based on shared characteristics or properties, which helps in organizing information and understanding relationships among various items. This method is fundamental in fields such as biology, where organisms are classified into taxonomic categories based on traits, and in education, where it aids in developing logical thinking skills.

In contrast, logical reasoning refers to the process of using structured thought to arrive at a conclusion, but it doesn't specifically focus on the organization of objects. Seriation, while it does involve ordering, typically refers to arranging objects in a sequence based on quantitative attributes, such as size or length, rather than grouping them by properties. Sociocultural theory pertains to the influence of social interactions and culture on learning, which is unrelated to the classification of objects based on their properties.