What part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?

Dendrites are specialized extensions of a neuron that play a crucial role in the process of receiving signals from other neurons. They are designed to increase the surface area available for synaptic connections, allowing the neuron to gather input from a multitude of other neurons. When neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminals of adjacent neurons, they bind to receptor sites on the dendrites, facilitating communication between the neurons.

In contrast, the axon is responsible for transmitting signals away from the neuron towards other neurons or target tissues. The cell body, or soma, contains the nucleus and organelles, supporting the overall function of the neuron but not directly receiving incoming signals. The synapse, on the other hand, refers to the junction between two neurons where signal transmission occurs, but it is not a part of the neuron designed for receiving signals. Thus, the primary role of dendrites as the receiving structures for signals is what makes this answer correct.